The U.S. military describes and understands war within the Clausewitzian frame of physical violence to accomplish a political goal by enforcing will on the military of an opposing state through physical actions. However, the cyber domain and the effect of cyber actions reveal that our understanding of war can no longer be restricted to the Clausewitz paradigm. Cyber effects can cause destruction without kinetic actions and brought the cognitive dimension to the forefront of many military leaders’ and planners' thinking. Cyber activities reveal that while new technology may not have changed war, a theoretical foundation built upon Clausewitz narrowly restricts the understanding of war for the modern era.
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