Dr. Aaron Brantly's book The Decision to Attack: Military and Intelligence Cyber Decision-Making is timely, and addresses the question why states engage in cyber operations or not. One strength of this book is that Brantly explains the foundation for his decision-making and behaviors model. This early explanation of the model helps the reader understand which lens the author used for his research, and also puts the findings in a broader context. Brantly uses a rational choice decision-making model based on Bruce Bueno de Mesquita's development of an expected utility theory. A reader might suggest another theory or question the proper use of the utilized model due to states' inability to fully understand the contested space and lack of information, which are valid concerns, but it does demonstrate a gap in cyber decision-making literature that needs to be filled by relevant scholarship. In reading today’s scholarly cyber literature, there are few attempts to theorize the decision-making process at the political and strategic level.